The Hidden Dangers of Skin Lightening in Northern Nigeria
In northern Nigeria, a mother deeply regrets using skin-lightening creams on her six children, a practice common in the region. Initially aimed at gaining favor from her family, the harmful effects of the creams have left her children with scars, burns, and lasting skin damage.
Skin-Lightening Practices and Harmful Effects
Fatima, whose name has been changed for privacy, used skin-whitening creams on her children in hopes of improving their skin tone, influenced by societal pressure. In Nigeria, where skin-lightening is widespread, the practice is often seen as a way to escape discrimination tied to skin color. Fatima's children, aged between two and 16, suffered burns, scars, and discolored skin as a result of the creams, which are often sold without medical supervision.
Skin-lightening products, which can contain harmful substances like hydroquinone, corticosteroids, and even mercury, are widely available in Nigerian markets, despite their potential dangers. These creams may cause severe skin conditions, including dermatitis, acne, and in some cases, kidney damage. The National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) declared a state of emergency in 2023 to address the growing issue of skin-lightening practices in the country.
Cultural Pressure and Harmful Trends
The cultural preference for lighter skin in Nigeria has led many women to use skin-lightening products, not just for themselves, but for their children as well. According to Zainab Bashir Yau, a dermatologist in Abuja, 80% of women she encounters have either bleached their children or plan to do so. This practice is often passed down through generations as a response to societal biases that equate lighter skin with beauty and wealth.
In Kano, a popular market for homemade bleaching creams offers a range of products containing regulated substances. Some sellers even admit to using potentially dangerous ingredients, such as kojic acid and hydroquinone, in their mixtures. These creams are often marketed as safe for children, despite the harmful effects they can have on delicate skin.
A Growing Public Health Concern
The widespread use of skin-lightening products has led to significant health risks in Nigeria. The country’s high usage rate, with 77% of women regularly using such products, has raised alarms for medical professionals. The practice is increasingly linked to discrimination and societal rejection, as individuals who use bleaching creams often face stigma and are mistakenly assumed to be drug users due to the appearance of their darkened knuckles.
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